Relative Frequency and Classification of Myocardial Infarction in Smokers and Non-Smokers: Evidence from Peshawar Tertiary Care Hospitals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69591/jcihs.3.1.3Keywords:
Myocardial Infarction , Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), STEMI, Non-STEMI, Smokers, Non-Smokers, Coronary Artery Disease, Tertiary Care Hospitals, Peshawar, Cardiovascular Risk FactorsAbstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Infarction or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack occurs when blood flow to be a part of the heart is obstructed, resulting in damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptoms are chest pain or discomfort, which may radiate to the shoulder, arm, back, neck or jaw. The pain is often located in the centre or left side of the chest and may persist for several minutes. The discomfort may irregularly touch like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, faint, cold sweat or feeling tired.
Objective: The main objective of the study is to determine the frequency and type of MI among smokers and non-smokers in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the cardiology departments of tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. The sample size calculated was 200. Primary data were collected, and records of 200 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were analysed. Data related to age, height, weight, MI, smokers and non-smokers were obtained.
Results: The mean age of the study participants was 58.63 years with standard deviation of 13. 372. Smoking status of the research participants 41.00% were smokers and 59.00% were non-smokers. Location wise distribution of type of
MI of the research participants such as 55% in anterior wall, 23% in posterior wall, 13% in lateral wall, 37% in extensive anterior wall, 43% in inferior wall, 2% in anterior lateral wall, and 25% in non-STEMI.
Conclusion: From our Descriptive Cross Sectional study, we conclude that frequency and type of myocardial infarction among non-smokers were high (59.00%) as compared to smokers (41.00%). We also conclude that among types of MI percentage of STEMI was high (86.50%) compared to NON-STEMI (13.50%).
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Copyright (c) 2025 Tayyaba Taj, Dr. Wajeha Taj
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